Algorithm for treatment of profuse acute watery diarrhea/cholera in children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM)
Author: WHO, UNICEF and MoH in Ethiopia with inputs from WHO region and WHO HQ
Year: 2017
Resource type: Field tool
This resource is an algorithm for the treatment of profuse acute watery diarrhea/Cholera in children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM), created for use in the Somali Region of Ethiopia. Key messages contained within the document are as follows:
- Acute watery diarrhea (AWD) results in extensive loss of fluid and electrolytes.
- AWD can kill rapidly, so need to act quickly to refer any suspected case, as children with SAM are even more vulnerable.
- Children with severe acute malnutrition must be treated differently because their physiology is seriously abnormal.
- Patient with SAM must be slowly rehydrated compare to well-nourished children because they quickly get over hydrated and have heart failure.
- The diagnosis of dehydration is difficult in children with SAM as the usual signs of dehydration (sunken eyes, lethargy, loss of skin turgor) may be present in these children all of the time, whether or not they are dehydrated.
- The diagnosis of SAM in dehydrated children can also be difficult, as MUAC and weight for height can be affected by rehydration. Reassessment of nutritional status is recommended following rehydration, with diagnosis and management adjusted as needed.
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Ethiopia-Algoritm-and-Protocol_Aug12-2017.pdf (PDF, 364kb)
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Reference this page
WHO, UNICEF and MoH in Ethiopia with inputs from WHO region and WHO HQ (2017). Algorithm for treatment of profuse acute watery diarrhea/cholera in children with Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM). www.ennonline.net/profuseawdcholerasomaliregion
(ENN_5689)