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References for Special Supplement 3

Beatrice, a beneficiary of the CRS seed voucher scheme in Burundi

1. Abdulai A., Barret, C., Hoddinott, J. (2004, June). Does food aid really have disincentive effects? new evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa.

2. Acacia Consultants (2005, July). DfID/Oxfam/Novib funded NGO consortium response to drought in togdheer, sool, bari/ nugaal regions in Somalilland. External Evaluation report.

3. Acacia Consultants (2004, February). Country Programme Strategy On Building Sustainable Livelihoods And Reducing Poverty And Suffering During Humanitarian Crises. Oxfam GB Mauretania.

4. Action Contre la Faim (2005). Food Aid Strategy.

5. Action Contre la Faim (2005, July). Impact of the cash injection on the household economy. Subdistrict: Tenoum. Indonesia.

6. Adams, L. and Kebete, E. (2005, June). Breaking the poverty cycle: a case study of cash interventions in Ethiopia. An HPG background paper. HPG, ODI.

7. Akilu, Y. and Wekesa, M. (2002, December). Drought, Livestock and livelihoods: lessons from the 1999-2001 emergency response in the pastoral sector in Kenya. Humanitarian Practice Network paper 40.

8. Ali, D., Toure, F., Kiewied, T. (2005, March). Cash relief in a contested area. Lessons from Somalia. An HPN network paper. ODI.

9. Barrett, C. and Maxwell, D. (2005). Food aid after fifty years: recasting its role. Routledge.

10. Barrett, C. and Maxwell, D. (2005, December). Towards a Global Food Aid Compact. Forthcoming in Food Policy.

11. Birch, I. and Shuria, H. (2001). Perspectives on pastoral development. A casebook from Kenya. Oxfam. Oxford.

12. Bradbury, M. (1998, September). Normalising the crisis in Africa. Disasters. Vol.22. Number 4.

13. Bramel and Remington ( 2005). CRS seed vouchers and fairs. Looking at the effects of their use in Zimbabwe, Ethiopia and Gambia: a meta analysis.

14. Brocklebank, I. (2005). Peer to peer evaluation of Cash for Work Programme carried out in Lamno, Aceh, Indonesia.

15. Bush, J. (1995) The role of food aid in drought and recovery: Oxfam's North Turkana (Kenya) Drought Relief Programme, 1992-1994. Disasters 19(3).

16. CARE-USA (2005, November). White Paper on Food Aid Policy.

17. Carney, D,, Drinkwater, M., Rusinow, T., Neefjes, K., Wanmali, S., Singh, N. (1999, November). Livelihoods approaches compared: a brief comparison of the livelihoods approaches of the UK Department for International Development, CARE, Oxfam, and the United Nations Development Programme. DfID.

18. Caverzasio, S. G. (2001).Strengthening Protection in War a search for professional standards: summary of discussions among human rights and humanitarian organisations. International Committee of the Red Cross. Geneva.

19. Cliffe, L. and Luckham, R.(2000). What happens to the state in conflict? Political analysis as a tool for planning humanitarian assistance. Disasters 24 (4):291-313.

20. Creti, P. (2004, August). OGB seeds and tools review. Oxfam. Draft.

Oxfam voucher beneficiary in Niger

21. Creti, P. (2005, February). Evaluation of the livelihoods programmes in Mapou and Cape Haitian, Haiti. Oxfam.

22. Creti, P. and Jaspars, S. Eds. (2006). Cash transfer programming in emergencies. Oxfam Skills and Practice. Oxford.

23. Catholic Relief Services (2002). Seed Vouchers and Fairs: A Manual for Seed-based Agriculture Recovery in Africa, CRS, ICRISAT, and ODI

24. Collinson (2003, February). Power, livelihoods and conflict: case studies in political economy analysis for humanitarian action. HPG report 13. ODI.

25. Corbett, J. (1988). Famine and household coping strategies. World Development 16(9).

26. Darcy, J. and Hofmann, C. (2003, September). According to need? Needs assessment and decision making in the humanitarian sector. HPG report 15. Overseas Development Institute, London.

27. De Armas, E. and E. Clay (2002). The impact of drought on the economies of the Southern African region. Draft. Overseas Development Institute, London.

28. De Waal, A. (1989). Famine That Kills: Darfur, Sudan, 1984-1985. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

29. Development Initiatives (2003). Global Humanitarian Assistance.

30. DfID (1999). Sustainable livelihoods guidance sheets. http://www.livelihoods.org

31. DfID (2002). Eliminating Hunger. Strategy for achieving the Millenium Development Goal on Hunger.

32. DfID (2005, October). Social transfers and chronic poverty: emerging evidence and the challenge ahead. A DfID practice paper.

33. Doyle, K. (1998) Microfinance in the Wake of Conflict: Challenges and Opportunities, SEEP network.

34. Duffield, M. (1994). Complex emergencies and the crisis of developmentalism. IDS bulletin. Vol.25. Number 3.

35. Duffield, A., Reid, G., Walker, D., Shoham, J. (2004, December). Review of published literature for the impact and costeffectiveness of six nutrition related emergency interventions. Emergency Nutrition Network.

36. El-Dukheri, I., DAmous, H., Khojali, A.M (2004, September). Rationale for a possible market support program in Darfur, Sudan. A brief look at markets and food security. CARE.

37. Frize J. (2002) 'Review of Cash for Work Component of the Drought Recovery Programme in Turkana and Wajir Districts', Oxford: Oxfam GB

38. Food Aid Convention, 1999.http://r0.unctad.org/commodities/ agreements/foodaidconvention.pdf

39. GTZ (2005, July). Social Cash Transfers - Reaching the Poorest. A contribution to the international debate based on experience in Zambia.

40. Harvey (2004, April). HIV/AIDS and humanitarian action. HPG report 16. ODI.

41. Harvey, P. (2005, February). Cash and vouchers in emergencies. HPG discussion paper. ODI.

42. Harvey, P. and Lind, J. (2005, July). Dependency and humanitarian relief: A critical analysis. HPG report 19. ODI.

43. Hastie; (undated). Using indicators to monitor protective impact. Oxfam GB.

44. Hofmann, C.A. (2005, June). Cash Transfer Programmes in Afghanistan: a desk review of current policy and practice. Background Paper, ODI Humanitarian Policy Group, London: Overseas Development Institute.

45. ICRISAT (2002) Organising Seed Fairs in Emergency Situations, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, India

46. Jacobson, K. (2004, November). The Alchemy Project. Final report. Feinstein International Famine Center. Tufts University, Boston.

47. Jaspars, S., Dolan, C., Shoham, J., and Watson, F.(2002, August). Against the Grain Revisited. Responding to Food Crises: A Review to Inform Oxfam Great Britain's Policy and Strategy.

48. Jaspars and Shoham (2002, December). A critical review of approaches to assessing and monitoring livelihoods in situations of chronic conflict and political instability. ODI working paper 191.

49. Jaspars, S., H. Young, L. Shuria, L. Ogolla and P. Kisopia (1997). People on the edge; An evaluation of Oxfam's emergency intervention in Turkana, Kenya; March-August 1996.

50. Jones, B. (2004). Evaluation of Oxfam GB's ECHO-funded Cash for Work Project in Hazarajat, Afghanistan. Oxford: Oxfam GB

A woman queues to exchange her voucher for work. Oxfam, Niger.

51. Keen, D. (1998). The Economic Functions of Violence in Civil Wars, Adelphi paper 320.

52. Khogali, H. and P. Takhar (2001) 'Evaluation of Oxfam GB Cash for Work Programme, Kitgum/Pader District, Uganda', Oxford: Oxfam GB

53. Khogali, H., K. Skinner, J. Frize and T. Zerihun (2002). Livestock Programming in Disasters. Oxfam, Oxford.

54. Lautze, S. and Raven-Roberts, A. (2003, September). The vulnerability context; is there something wrong with this picture? (Embedding vulnerability in livelihoods models; a work in progress). UN Food and Agricultural Organisation, Rome.

55. Lautze, S., Stites, E., Nojumi, N., Najimi, F. (2002, May). A cash famine; food insecurity in Afghanistan. Feinstein International Famine Center, Tufts University.

56. Lefebvre C (2004, September). Food security report; Thyolo, Mulanje, Phalombe Districts. Malawi.

57. Levine, S., and Chastre, C. (2004, July). Missing the point. An analysis of food security interventions in the Great Lakes. An HPN network paper. ODI.

58. Longley, C., Dominguez, C., Saide, M.A., Leonardo, W.J. (2002, December). Do farmers need relief seed? A methodology for assessing seed systems. Disasters. Vol.26. Number 4.

59. Lumsden and Naylor (2002). Cash for Work programming in Kenya. A practical guide.

60. Macrae and Hamer, (2004, July). Beyond the continuum. The changing role of aid policy in protracted crises. HPG report 18. ODI.

61. MacCracken, Petty and Conway (1988). An Introduction to rapid rural appraisal for agricultural development. International Institute for Environment and Development.

62. Marchione, T. (2002). Foods Provided through the US Government Emergency Food Aid Programmes: Policies and Customs Governing their Formulation, Selection and Distribution. Journal of the American Society for Nutritional Sciences 132.

63. Martone, G. (forthcoming). Life with dignity; What is the minimum standard? Chapter in: Human Rights and Refugees, Internally Displaced Persons and Migrant Workers: Essays in Honor of Joan Fitzpatrick and Arthur Helton. Martinus Nijhoff, Brill Academic Publishers.

64. Maxwell, D. (1999). Programmes in chronically vulnerable areas: challenges and lessons learned. Disasters 23(4).

65. Maxwell, D. (1999a). Adaptation of a table produced by a working group on 'Programme Guidelines for Chronically Vulnerable Areas' (October, 1999).

66. Mercy Corps (2006, January). Mercy Corps Cash Based Interventions in Tsunami Response. Banda Aceh, Indonesia. A summary prepared for the ODI conference on cash programming on 19th January 2006.

67. Meyer, J. (2006, January). A market based system for food assistance. A pilot project designed and implemented by CARE International in Indonesia. A summary prepared for the ODI conference on cash programming on 19th January 2006.

68. Mousseau, F. (2004, March). Roles and alternatives to food aid in Southern Africa. A report to Oxfam GB.

69. Mutambikwa, A. (2006, January). Cash based interventions; lessons learnt from South Somalia. ACF.

70. OECD (2005). The development effectiveness of food aid and the effects of its tying status.

71. Oxfam GB, TGWU, and Refugee Council (2000). 'Token Gestures - the Effects of the Voucher Scheme on Asylum Seekers and Organisations in the UK', Oxford: Oxford GB

72. Oxfam GB (2003, August). Guidelines for emergency food security assessment and response. Draft.

73. Oxfam GB (2001, November). Report of an inter-agency workshop to discuss minimum standards for food security in disaster response. Oxford. July 2001.

74. Oxfam GB (2005, June). Internal Policy on Food Aid.

75. Oxfam International (2005, March). Food aid or hidden dumping? Separating wheat from chaff. An Oxfam briefing paper. Oxfam.

76. Overseas Development Institute (2005, June). 'Getting the point': improving food security interventions in emergencies. A meeting hosted by the Overseas Development Institute.

77. Sandford, S. and Habtu Y (2000). Emergency Response Interventions in Pastoral Areas of Ethopia, Addis Ababa: U.K. Department of International Development.

78. Save the Children-UK, Help Age International, Institute of Development Studies (2005). Making cash count: Lessons from cash transfer schemes in east and southern Africa for supporting the most vulnerable children and households. SC-UK

79. SC-UK (2005, November). The impact of the earthquake on livelihoods in Muzafarrabad and Bagh Districts. Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan.

80. Simpkin (2004). Emergency livestock programming guidelines. Oxfam GB. Draft.

81. Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation (2003, October). Cash workbook.

82. The Sphere Project (2004). Humanitarian Charter and Minimum Standards in Disaster Response, Oxford: Oxfam Publishing

83. UNDP (2001). Human Development report Somalia, 2001, Nairobi, Kenya: UNDP Somalia Country Office.

84. Van den Boogaard, R. and Ochepa Ekiru, P. (2005, November). The underlying causes of food and livelihood insecurity. The impact of food aid. In the GEdo Region of South Somalia. CARE Somalia.

85. WFP (2003, May). Food aid and livelihoods in emergencies: strategies for WFP.

86. WFP(2005, June). Emergency Food Security Assessment Handbook.

87. Wiles, P., M. Buchanan-Smith and J. Ubima (1993) Oxfam's emergency programmes in Kenya; 1992-1993.

88. Wilson, T. (2002, March). Micro-finance during and after armed conflict: lessons from Angola, Cambodia, Mozambique and Rwanda. Concern Worldwide and the Springfield Centre for business development.

89. Young, H., Osman, A., Aklilu, Y., Dale, R. (2005, June). Darfur. Livelihoods under Siege. Tufts University, with Agfhad University.

90. Young, H, S. Jaspars, R. Brown, J. Frize and H. Khogali (2001). Food security assessments in emergencies: a livelihoods approach. ODI HPN Network Papers 36. ODI, London.

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